Dimensional Tolerances in Construction and for Surface Accessibility

Standards

Industry Standards

• ACI 117 - 2006 Standard Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials

• ASTM E 380 Standard Practice for the Use of the International System of Units (SI); The Modernized Metric System.

• ASTM E 621 - 94 (1999)e1 Standard Practice for the Use of Metric (SI) Units in Building Design and Construction

• ASTM E 1155 - 96 (2001) Standard Test Method for Determining FF Floor Flatness and FL Floor Levelness Numbers

• ASTM E 1486 - 98 (2004) Standard Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path and Levelness Criteria

• ASTM E 1486M - 98 (2004) Standard Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path and Levelness Criteria (Metric)

• ASTM F 802 - 83(2003) Standard Guide for Selection of Certain Walkway Surfaces when Considering Footwear Traction

• ASTM F 1637 - 02 Standard Practice for Safe Walking Surfaces

• ASTM F 1951 - 99 Wheelchair Work Measurement Method

• ASTM PS 83 - 97/F 1951 Standard on Playground Surface Accessibility

• ASTM WK 3539 (Work item) Practice for Reporting Uncertainty of Test Results and Use of the Term Measurement Uncertainty in ASTM Test Methods

• CSA A23.1 - 04/A23.2 - 04 Concrete Materials and Methods of Concrete Construction/Methods of Test and Standard Practices for Concrete. Canadian Standards Association, Toronto, 2004.

• CSA A23.1 - 94, Treatment of Slab or Floor Surfaces: Surface Tolerances, Straightedge Method. Canadian Standards Association, Toronto, 1994.

• ISO 1000:1992 SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units

• ISO 1000/Amd1:1998 Amendment to ISO 1000ISO 1803:1997 Building construction - Tolerances - Expression of dimensional accuracy - Principles and terminology

• ISO 2631 - 1:1997 Mechanical vibration and shock - Evaluation of human exposure to whole - body vibration - Part 1: General requirements

• ISO 2631 - 2:2003 Mechanical vibration and shock - Evaluation of human exposure to whole - body vibration - Part 2: Vibration in buildings (1 Hz to 80Hz)

• ISO 2631 - 5:2004 Mechanical vibration and shock - Evaluation of human exposure to whole - body vibration - Part 5: Method for evaluation of vibration containing multiple shocks

• ISO 3443 - 1 Building construction - Tolerances for building - Part 1: Basic principles for evaluation and specification

• ISO 3443 - 2 Building construction - Tolerances for building - Part 2: Statistical basis for predicting fit between components having a normal distribution of sizes

• ISO 3443 - 3 Building construction - Tolerances for building - Part 3: Procedures for selecting target size and predicting fit

• ISO 3443 - 4 Building construction - Tolerances for building - Part 4: Methods for predicting deviation of assemblies and the distribution of tolerances

• ISO 3443 - 5:1982 Building construction - Tolerances for building - Part 5: Series of values to be used for specification of tolerances

• ISO 3443 - 6:1986 Tolerances for building - Part 6: General principles for approval criteria, control of conformity with dimensional tolerance specifications and statistical control - Method 1

• ISO 3443 - 8:1989 Tolerances for building - Part 8: Dimensional inspection and control of construction work

• ISO 4463 Measurement methods for buildings - setting out and measurement - permissible measuring deviations

• ISO 4464 Tolerances for buildings - Relationship between the different types of deviations and tolerances used for specifications

Other international standards:

• Australian NATSPEC Reference Volume 1: Building Works, Concrete Finishes Section Three classes of surface finish based on using a straightedge method of testing: Class A has a maximum deviation of 3mm in 3m, Class B has a maximum deviation of 6mm in 3m, and a Class C has a maximum deviation of 6 mm in 600 mm.

• TR 34 Concrete Industrial Ground Floors - Specification and Control of Surface Regularity of Free Movement Areas, UK Concrete Society (provides for three classes of industrial surfaces based on maximum permissible difference in slope within 300 mm and maximum difference in elevation between points on a 3 m grid. A floor classification FM3 is the most common and requires a maximum difference of 5.0 mm over 600 mm. A floor classification FM2 requires a maximum difference of 3.5 mm over 600 mm.)

• NZS 3109 Concrete Construction Standard, Standards New Zealand (this standard requires the elevation of a slab to be ±5 mm of that specified)

• NZS 3114 Specification for Concrete Surface Finishes, Standards New Zealand (gradual deviations are within 5 mm over a 3 m span for most classes of finish; abrupt changes must be less than 3 mm in 200 mm)

Highway standards suggesting possible applications for pedestrian surfaces:

• ASTM E 950 - 98(2004) Standard test method for measuring the longitudinal profile of traveled surfaces with an accelerometer established inertial profiling reference

• ASTM E 1274 - 03 Standard test method for measuring pavement roughness using a profilograph

• ASTM E 1926 - 98(2003) Standard practice for computing international roughness index (IRI) of roads from longitudinal profile measurements

• ASTM E 2133 - 03 Standard test method for using a rolling inclinometer to measure longitudinal and transverse profiles of a traveled surface