The Impact of Transfer Setup on the Performance of Independent Transfers: Phase I Final Report

Conclusions

While there appears to be a growing body of literature on transfers there is scarce evidence related to the impact of setup on the performance of independent transfers. The results of the expert review of the literature highlight the need for future studies particularly as it relates to how environmental factors such as height and gap distances, use of handholds, surface softness, number of transfers needed to go from the initial location to the final destination, use of assist devices, space available for transfer, and obstacles or barriers impact the ability to perform independent transfers.  Gathering more evidence on these issues will help to determine what the limits of setup should be in order to refine current accessibility standards related to transfers in the built environment.

Height differentials of 2” (2.54cm) above and below WMD height, gaps and obstacles pose serious transfer-related accessibility problems for WMD users.  Results showed that transferring to a height similar to the average wheelchair seat to floor height of the sample (21”, 53.3 cm) is achievable by 95% of adult wheelchair users who independently transfer.  More investigation is needed on handhelds and different ways to adapt rides to enable for more level transfers. The next phase of the study will address these issues and other critical issues that are uncovered in a stakeholder workshop focused on transfer accessibility.  The next phase will also include children who have been largely excluded from evaluation in all other transfer studies to date.  The results of these studies could help airline, motor vehicle, amusement park ride, and adaptive equipment manufacturers to improve and create designs that facilitate the transfer process.