1003.2.13 Accessible means of egress.
Accessible means of egress shall comply with Sections 1003.2.13.1 through 1003.2.13.7.1. Accessible spaces shall be provided with not less than one accessible means of egress. Where more than one means of egress is required from any accessible space, each accessible portion of the space shall be served by not less than two accessible means of egress.
Exception: Accessible means of egress are not required in alterations to existing buildings.
1003.2.13.1 General.
Each required accessible means of egress shall be continuous to a public way and shall consist of one or more of the following components:
1. Accessible routes complying with Section 1104.
2. Stairways within exit enclosures complying with Sections 1003.2.13.2 and 1005.3.2.
3. Elevators complying with Section 1003.2.13.3.
4. Horizontal exits.
5. Smoke barriers.
Exceptions:
1. Where the exit discharge is not accessible, an exterior area for assisted rescue must be provided in accordance with Section 1003.2.13.7.
2. Where the exit stairway is open to the exterior, the accessible means of egress shall include either an area of refuge in accordance with Section 1003.2.13.5 or an exterior area for assisted rescue in accordance with Section 1003.2.13.7.
1003.2.13.1.1 Buildings with four or more stories.
In buildings where a required accessible floor is four or more stories above or below a level of exit discharge, at least one required accessible means of egress shall be an elevator complying with Section 1003.2.13.3.
Exceptions:
1. In buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2, the elevator shall not be required on floors provided with a horizontal exit and located at or above the level of exit discharge.
2. In buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2, the elevator shall not be required on floors provided with a ramp conforming to the provisions of Section 1003.3.4.
1003.2.13.2 Enclosed stairways.
An enclosed stairway, to be considered part of an accessible means of egress, shall have a clear width of 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum between handrails and shall either incorporate an area of refuge within an enlarged floor-level landing or shall be accessed from either an area of refuge complying with Section 1003.2.13.5 or a horizontal exit.
Exceptions:
1. Stairways serving a single guestroom or dwelling unit.
2. Stairways in buildings or facilities equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.
3. The clear width of 48 inches (1219 mm) between handrails is not required for enclosed stairways accessed from a horizontal exit.
4. Stairways serving open parking garages.
1003.2.13.3 Elevators.
An elevator to be considered part of an accessible means of egress shall comply with the emergency operation and signaling devices requirements of Section 211 of ASME A17.1. Standby power shall be provided in accordance with Sections 2702 and 3003. The elevator shall be accessed from either an area of refuge complying with Section 1003.2.13.5 or a horizontal exit.
Exceptions:
1. Elevators are not required to be accessed from an area of refuge or horizontal exit in open parking garages.
2. Elevators are not required to be accessed from an area of refuge or horizontal exit in buildings and facilities equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.
1003.2.13.4 Platform lifts.
Platform (wheelchair) lifts shall not serve as part of an accessible means of egress, except where allowed as part of a required accessible route in Section 1108.7. Platform lifts shall be installed in accordance with ASME A17.1.
1003.2.13.5 Areas of refuge.
Every required area of refuge shall be accessible from the space it serves by an accessible means of egress. The maximum travel distance from any accessible space to an area of refuge shall not exceed the travel distance permitted for the occupancy in accordance with Section 1004.2.4. Every required area of refuge shall have direct access to an enclosed stairway complying with Sections 1003.2.13.2 and 1005.3.2 or an elevator complying with Section 1003.2.13.3. Where an elevator lobby is used as an area of refuge, the shaft and lobby shall comply with Section 1005.3.2.5 for smokeproof enclosures except where the elevators are in an area of refuge formed by a horizontal exit or smoke barrier.
1003.2.13.5.1 Size.
Each area of refuge shall be sized to accommodate one wheelchair space of 30 inches (762 mm) by 48 inches (1219 mm) for each 200 occupants or portion thereof, based on the occupant load of the area of refuge and areas served by the area of refuge. Such wheelchair spaces shall not reduce the required means of egress width. Access to any of the required wheelchair spaces in an area of refuge shall not be obstructed by more than one adjoining wheelchair space.
1003.2.13.5.2 Separation.
Each area of refuge shall be separated from the remainder of the story by a smoke barrier complying with Section 709. Each area of refuge shall be designed to minimize the intrusion of smoke.
Exceptions:
1. Areas of refuge located within a stairway enclosure.
2. Areas of refuge where the area of refuge and areas served by the area of refuge are equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.
1003.2.13.5.3 Two-way communication.
Areas of refuge shall be provided with a two-way communication system between the area of refuge and a central control point. If the central control point is not constantly attended, the area of refuge shall also have controlled access to a public telephone system. Location of the central control point shall be approved by the fire department. The two-way communication system shall include both audible and visible signals.
1003.2.13.5.4 Instructions.
In areas of refuge that have a two-way emergency communications system, instructions on the use of the area under emergency conditions shall be posted adjoining the communications system. The instructions shall include all of the following:
1. Directions to find other means of egress.
2. Persons able to use the exit stairway do so as soon as possible, unless they are assisting others.
3. Information on planned availability of assistance in the use of stairs or supervised operation of elevators and how to summon such assistance.
4. Directions for use of the emergency communications system.
1003.2.13.5.5 Identification.
Each door providing access to an area of refuge from an adjacent floor area shall be identified by a sign complying with ICC A117.1, stating: AREA OF REFUGE, and including the International Symbol of Accessibility. Where exit sign illumination is required by Section 1003.2.10.4, the area of refuge sign shall be illuminated. Additionally, tactile signage complying with ICC A117.1 shall be located at each door to an area of refuge.
1003.2.13.6 Signage.
At exits and elevators serving a required accessible space but not providing an approved accessible means of egress, signage shall be installed indicating the location of accessible means of egress.
1003.2.13.7 Exterior area for assisted rescue.
The exterior area for assisted rescue must be open to the outside air and meet the requirements of Section 1003.2.13.5.1. Separation walls shall comply with the requirements of Section 704 for exterior walls. Where walls or openings are between the area for assisted rescue and the interior of the building, the building exterior walls within 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontally of a nonrated wall or unprotected opening shall be constructed as required for a minimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating with 0.75-hour opening protectives. This construction shall extend vertically from the ground to a point 10 feet (3048 mm) above the floor level of the area for assisted rescue or to the roof line, whichever is lower.
1003.2.13.7.1 Openness.
The exterior area of refuge shall be at least 50 percent open, and the open area above the guards shall be so distributed as to minimize the accumulation of smoke or toxic gases.
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